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At the time Galileo was becoming famous for his telescopic observations, Johannes Kepler, a German mathematician and astronomer, announced his discovery of a set of simple empirical (that is, based on observation) laws that accurately described the motions of the planets. While Galileo was the first "modern" observer who used telescopic observations of the skies to confront and refine his theories, Kepler was a pure theorist.
— Astronomy: A Beginner's Guide to the Universe (7th Edition)
(book)
by Eric Chaisson, Steve McMillan
(see stats)
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